Frenzied Levels Of Drilling Vital To Sustain Gas
Maurice Smith
Nickle's Daily Oil Bulletin
11 November 2002
Despite record levels of drilling, Western Canadian natural gas
production appears to have peaked at 16.6 bcf per day and continued
frantic drilling is needed just to keep pace with that level, says
Robert Meneley, head of Meneley Enterprises Ltd.
There aren't any elephant pools waiting to be discovered and future
gas will have to come from the large number of smaller pools
remaining, said Meneley, who served as chief analyst on the
Canadian
Gas Potential Committee from 1993 to 2001 before returning to his
consulting practice.
Speaking to the CPGA/PJVA 9th Joint Annual Conference Thursday,
Meneley said the maturing Western Canada Sedimentary Basin still
remains Canada's best hope for natural gas with some 61% of
Canada's
remaining 234 tcf of nominal marketable gas. His figures, he said,
are
based on the 2001 Canadian Gas Potential Committee report, though
his
views do not necessarily reflect those of the committee.
Meneley quickly moved to dispel the notion any monster gas finds
are
out there. "Gas accumulations in Western Canada are small on a
world
scale; there never were any elephants," he said. Only two gas
pools,
in the Medicine Hat and Milk River formations in eastern Alberta,
could be termed as giant fields with more than 3.5 tcf of
marketable
gas, he said.
Which is not to say there isn't plenty of potential yet to be
discovered. "Western Canadian gas fields make up for their
lack of
size with exceptional accessibility and infrastructure," he
said.
Indeed, Western Canada is destined to remain Canada's dominant gas
supply area with an estimated 142 tcf of Canada's 234 tcf remaining
nominal marketable conventional gas.
Central Canada and offshore Nova Scotia are estimated to hold 13
tcf
and the Mackenzie Valley and Beaufort Sea another 35 tcf. An
additional 44 tcf is estimated to be under Canada's arctic islands
and
offshore Newfoundland and Labrador, though that gas is so remote it
is
unlikely to be produced any time soon, if ever, said Meneley.
Nominal marketable gas is calculated by using the percentage of gas
in
place in discovered gas fields that is marketable to estimate
volumes
of undiscovered marketable gas. It's called nominal because not all
the gas will actually be marketable due to accessibility issues,
economics or because it might never be found. The estimates do not
include gas from conceptual exploration plays lacking actual gas
discoveries.
Not only are there no elephants, but production is going to have to
shift to smaller accumulations in the Western Basin. It is
estimated
almost all the fields larger than 600 bcf have been discovered and
almost 70% of production so far has come from fields over 40 bcf.
The
largest remaining potential lies in finding the large number of
fields
smaller than 2.5 bcf.
That means more drilling. It is anticipated just three fields of
over
600 bcf, and 150 fields containing over 40 bcf, remain
undiscovered.
There are another 3,200 midsize fields, of between 2.5 and 40 bcf,
but
the bulk of remaining gas will be found in some 64,000 undiscovered
pools from 0.15 to 2.5 bcf.
"Even with advances in technology it will take a massive
drilling
effort to find the undiscovered gas in Western Canada," said
Meneley.
He said at the current average finding rate of three exploration
wells
per discovery, it would take about 200,000 exploration wells to
find
the 67,000 largest new pools, twice the number of exploration wells
drilled in Western Canada through 1998.
Over half the undiscovered nominal marketable gas in the basin,
some
43 tcf, is locked in Lower Cretaceous reservoirs, Meneley said, an
area particularly sensitive to economics due to the small size of
the
pools.
The basin's largest exploration targets are in the Foothills,
expected
to hold 14 tcf undiscovered potential, and the deeper Devonian with
another 11 tcf. These fields, however, face the greatest risk of
being
in areas where exploration is precluded. There is no estimate of
how
much gas could be excluded due to that risk, Meneley said.
It's too early to estimate the potential contribution from
non-conventional gas sources, which will become more important as
technology improves. Meneley did say it appears that, like with
conventional production, commercial coalbed methane production now
underway will require a large number of wells to sustain any
significant production.
With just five per cent of the world's natural gas supply, North
American is gas poor, Meneley said. And with 31% of world
production,
it is depleting its reserves quickly. Canada cannot fix the U.S.
gas
supply shortfall and at some point North America may have to rely
on
imports of LNG for its gas supply.
In the meantime the industry in Canada must adapt, he concludes, to
accommodate the larger number of smaller, short-lived pools the
future
holds. Though there remains more gas to be discovered than has been
found already, "The days of cheap gas are over," he said.
"As always,
the prize will go to those who can adjust to change."
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